Discuss about the social conditions of Sathavahanas?

Social conditions during the reign of sathavahanas are known from limited sources such Gunadya's Brihatkatha, Hala's Gathasaptasathi, Queen Naganika's Naneghat inscription, Queen balashri's inscription of Nasik.

Caste:- During reign of Sathavahanas, Caste is not yet developed fully. But, there are incidence of Chaturvarna System. There is no rigidity in the occupation. According to Amaravati Inscription, People in a family follows different occupations.

Women:- Women enjoyed the higher status in the society. Sathavahanas followed matriarchal system. Several kings of sathavahanas mentioned their mother's name infront of their names. Ex:- Gautamiputra, e.t.c., After death of Satakarni-I, Queen naganika ruled the kingdom on behalf of her minor sons. Even rich and normal people also gave the grants to temples.

Dressing Style:- Sathavahana people are fashion conscious. According Hala's Gathasaptasathi, They followed different dressing styles, Hair styles. Women wore Jewellery, beautiful ear rings, nose rings, e.t.c.,

Religion:- People of sathavahanas lived in harmony while following different religions. Even though Gautami putra satakarni called himself Eka-Barmhana(Unique Bramhana), He patronised buddhism. In the reign of Yajnasri Sathakarni, Buddhism flourished in Nagarjuna konda under the aegis of Acharya Nagarjuna.

Class:- Hala's Gatha saptasati mentions the class differences. It says that rich and affluent were staying in the multi-storeyed buildings where as poor lives in huts.

Trade was flourishing with foreigners like greeks from Broach, Mysoli and other ports. Eventhough sathavahanas lived in rich and affluent living conditions, some are indulging intoxicants, e.t.c.,

Despite the Sathavahanas gave prime importance to women, There were occasions of Sati in those times. STRABO, Greek writer astonished to witness the self-immolation of widow at the funeral of her husband.

In this way, Sathavahanas social conditions are having mixture of both positive and negative elements of society. Among all sources, Hala's Gathasaptasati give more information regarding the social conditions of those people.


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